This Form 5329 2026 guide explains the IRS Additional Taxes on Qualified Plans (Including IRAs) and Other Tax-Favored Accounts. Form 5329 handles several distinct additional-tax calculations. Early distributions, excess contributions and required-distribution issues are not one combined tax rule. The relevant part of the form and any available exception must match the actual transaction and account type.
Reviewed October 31, 2026. This is an independent guide. The version and availability information below identifies the IRS documents used for this page.
What Form 5329 2026 does and who prepares it
An individual uses the form for the additional taxes on retirement and other tax-favored arrangements covered by its instructions.
For the connected reporting route, see Form 1099-R. Keep the role of that document separate from the task explained on this page.
| Official form | Form 5329 |
|---|---|
| IRS title | Additional Taxes on Qualified Plans (Including IRAs) and Other Tax-Favored Accounts |
| Guide period | 2026 |
| Target version | 2026 |
| Availability | Draft — not for filing |
| Last checked | October 31, 2026 |
Get the Form 5329 2026 PDF and check its status
Use the IRS source to confirm the document before completing a real filing. The download link is a reference to the official file; it is not a statement that every copy inside the PDF may be printed and submitted. Follow any instructions about electronic filing, scannable copies, recipient copies or attachments.
Which version of Form 5329 2026 should you use?
The 2026 in the title identifies the tax year or calendar-year information addressed by this guide. For a 2026 income reporting document, the preparation or filing activity may occur in 2027. Do not change the income year simply because the calendar has changed. The exact filing or furnishing date comes from the instructions for this form and the filer circumstances. The linked target PDF is a draft. It may be used to understand the proposed layout, but it is not a form to file. Amounts or instructions still subject to completion must be checked again when the final version is released.
Records to gather for Form 5329 2026
- Distribution statements.
- Contribution records.
- Account and plan details.
- Exception support.
- Required-distribution calculation when relevant.
Keep a working reconciliation with these records. It should show the source of each reported item, any correction made before filing and the reason a different amount appears on a connected form. This is especially useful when a statement is corrected or a prior-year balance continues into the current calculation.
How to work through Form 5329 2026
- Confirm applicability. Start with the purpose, filer category and version of the form. Complete any eligibility or applicability question before spending time on the numerical calculation.
- Prepare the source workpapers. Gather the records listed below and reconcile their totals. Keep prior-year balances, current-year transactions and estimated payments separate where they serve different purposes.
- Complete dependent calculations first. When a line refers to another form, schedule or worksheet, finish that supporting calculation first. Preserve any classification, limitation and carryforward information.
- Follow the line sequence. Use the actual line labels and arithmetic in the applicable form. A line number from an older version may refer to something different after a revision.
- Reconcile the filing package. Check names, identifying numbers, tax periods, totals and required attachments. Then use the filing method, signature process and deadline that apply to this filer and form.
Form-specific IRS instructions and reporting details
The following points retain the operative wording of the IRS documents linked above. Read each point with its stated conditions and the applicable form version. References to another form or section describe a connected requirement; they do not mean that every reader must file every referenced document.
Use Form 5329 to report additional taxes on: • IRAs, • Other qualified retirement plans, • Modified endowment contracts, • Coverdell ESAs, • QTPs, • Archer MSAs, • HSAs, • ABLE accounts, and • Trump accounts.
You must file Form 5329 if any of the following apply. • You received a distribution from a Roth IRA and either the amount on line 25c of Form 8606, Nondeductible IRAs, is more than zero, or the distribution includes a recapture amount subject to the 10% additional tax, or it’s a qualified first-time homebuyer distribution (see Distributions from Roth IRAs, later). • You received a distribution subject to the tax on early distributions from a qualified retirement plan (other than a Roth IRA).
However, if distribution code 1 is correctly shown in box 7a of all your Forms 1099-R and you owe the additional tax on the full amount shown on each Form 1099-R, you don’t have to file Form 5329.
Instead, see the instructions for Schedule 2 (Form 1040), line 5, in the 1040-NR, for how to report the 10% additional tax directly on that line. • You received a distribution subject to the tax on early distributions from a qualified retirement plan (other than a Roth IRA) and you meet an exception to the tax on early distributions from the list shown later, but box 7a of your Form 1099-R doesn’t indicate an exception or the exception doesn’t apply to the entire distribution. • You received taxable distributions from Coverdell ESAs, QTPs, or ABLE accounts.
Additional reporting conditions
Caution: In general, you must file Form 5329 to report an exception to the 10% additional tax on an early distribution from a qualified retirement plan, including an IRA. Tip: If you rolled over part or all of a distribution from a qualified retirement plan, the part rolled over isn’t subject to the 10% additional tax on early distributions. See the instructions for Form 1040 or 1040-NR, lines 4a and 4b or lines 5a and 5b, for how to report the rollover.
Tip: Qualified disaster recovery distributions aren’t subject to the 10% additional tax (or the 25% additional tax for certain distributions from traditional SIMPLE and Roth SIMPLE IRAs) on early distributions and aren’t required to be reported on Form 5329. Qualified disaster recovery distributions are certain distributions relating to disasters occurring on or after January 26, 2021. The recipients of qualified disaster recovery distributions may file Form 8915-F, Qualified Disaster Retirement Plan Distributions and Repayments in lieu of Form 5329. See Form 8915-F for more details.
Calculations and supporting information
Roth IRAs, Coverdell ESAs, Archer MSAs, HSAs, ABLE accounts, or Trump accounts exceed your maximum contribution limit, or you had a tax due from an excess contribution on line 17, 25, 33, 41, or 49 of your 2025 Form 5329. You didn’t receive the minimum required distribution from your qualified retirement plan. This also includes trusts and estates that didn’t receive this amount. See Waiver of tax for reasonable cause, later, for information on waiving the tax on excess accumulations in qualified retirement plans.
You received earnings on the excess contributions to your Trump account that is subject to additional tax. The earnings on the excess contributions are reported on your 2026 Form 1099-R, box 7d.
Specific Instructions Joint returns. If both you and your spouse are required to file Form 5329, complete a separate form for each of you. Include the combined tax on Schedule 2 (Form 1040), line 5. Amended returns. If you are filing an amended 2026 Form 5329, check the box at the top of page 1 of the form. Don’t use the 2026 Form 5329 to amend your return for any other year. For information about amending a Form 5329 for a prior year, see Prior tax years, earlier.
Exceptions and related reporting
In general, if you receive an early distribution from a qualified retirement plan (including an IRA), Trump account, or modified endowment contract, the part of the distribution included in income is generally subject to the 10% additional tax. But see Distributions from a designated Roth account and Distributions from Roth IRAs, later. The additional tax on early distributions doesn’t apply to certain distributions. For a general list of those exceptions to the additional tax on early distributions, see line 2.
Other exceptions to the additional tax on early distributions include the following: • A qualified HSA funding distribution from an IRA (other than a SEP or SIMPLE IRA). See Qualified HSA funding distribution under Health Savings Accounts in Pub. 969 for details. • A distribution from a traditional IRA that was converted to a Roth IRA. • A rollover from a qualified retirement plan to a Roth IRA. • An in-plan Roth rollover. • A distribution of certain excess IRA contributions (see the later). • A distribution of excess deferrals.
Excess deferrals include distributions of excess contributions from a qualified cash or deferred arrangement (401(k) plan) and excess contributions from a tax-sheltered annuity (403(b) plan).
Further form details
If you contributed more for 2026 than is allowable or you had an amount on line 17 of your 2025 Form 5329, you may owe this tax. But you may be able to avoid the tax on any 2026 excess contributions (see the instructions for line 15, later). Note: Don’t complete Part III for a Trump account if the account beneficiary is under age 18 at the end of 2026 (see Part X—Additional Tax on Excess Contributions to Trump Accounts, later).
If you timely filed your return without withdrawing the excess contributions, you can still make the withdrawal no later than 6 months after the due date of your tax return, excluding extensions. If you do, file an amended return with “Filed pursuant to section 301.9100-2” entered at the top. Report any related earnings for 2026 on the amended return and include an explanation of the withdrawal.
Make any other necessary changes on the amended return (for example, if you reported the contributions as excess contributions on your original return, include an amended Form 5329 reflecting that the withdrawn contributions are no longer treated as having been contributed).
Reading the lines and boxes
These selected labels come from the linked target PDF. They are a reading aid, not a replacement for the full line instructions or a completed calculation. Match the label and document version before transferring any amount.
| Line or box | Label in the source form | What to check |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Early distributions includible in income (see instructions). For Roth IRA distributions, see instructions . | Identify the income or transaction category before entering a total. Preserve the distinction between gross amounts, adjustments and the resulting taxable or reportable figure. |
| 2 | Early distributions included on line 1 that are not subject to the additional tax (see instructions). | Check the applicable line instructions and keep the source workpaper with the return records. Transfer only the information that matches the field and reporting period. |
| 3 | Amount subject to additional tax. Subtract line 2 from line 1 | Follow the stated arithmetic and line references in sequence. Complete the referenced inputs first and retain the worksheet supporting the result. |
| 4 | Additional tax. Enter 10% (0.10) of line 3. Include this amount on Schedule 2 (Form 1040), line 5 | Check the applicable line instructions and keep the source workpaper with the return records. Transfer only the information that matches the field and reporting period. |
| 5 | Distributions included in income from a Coverdell ESA, a QTP, or an ABLE account | Identify the income or transaction category before entering a total. Preserve the distinction between gross amounts, adjustments and the resulting taxable or reportable figure. |
Further selected fields
| Line or box | Label in the source form | What to check |
|---|---|---|
| 6 | Distributions included on line 5 that are not subject to the additional tax (see instructions) | Check the applicable line instructions and keep the source workpaper with the return records. Transfer only the information that matches the field and reporting period. |
| 7 | Amount subject to additional tax. Subtract line 6 from line 5 | Follow the stated arithmetic and line references in sequence. Complete the referenced inputs first and retain the worksheet supporting the result. |
| 8 | Additional tax. Enter 10% (0.10) of line 7. Include this amount on Schedule 2 (Form 1040), line 5 | Check the applicable line instructions and keep the source workpaper with the return records. Transfer only the information that matches the field and reporting period. |
| 9 | Enter your excess contributions from line 16 of your 2025 Form 5329. See instructions. If zero, go to line 15 | Check the applicable line instructions and keep the source workpaper with the return records. Transfer only the information that matches the field and reporting period. |
| 10 | If your traditional IRA contributions for 2026 are less than your maximum | Check the applicable line instructions and keep the source workpaper with the return records. Transfer only the information that matches the field and reporting period. |
A practical example
An account holder identifies both a distribution and a possible contribution issue. The holder separates the two problems, checks the applicable parts and exception rules, and records the supported calculation for each.
This example illustrates the order of the review. It does not assume an unverified deduction, exemption, treaty rate or final tax amount. The applicable form instructions and the actual records determine the result.
Common mistakes to avoid with Form 5329 2026
- Do not apply an exception intended for a different account or transaction.
- A tax on an excess contribution is different from an early-distribution tax.
- Keep correction and later-year carryover records where the instructions require them.
Questions about Form 5329 2026
Does receiving or downloading this form mean I must file it?
An individual uses the form for the additional taxes on retirement and other tax-favored arrangements covered by its instructions. The form purpose and the applicable filing or furnishing conditions determine the action. Downloading a blank PDF does not itself create a filing obligation or establish eligibility for a tax benefit.
Can I file the draft PDF?
No. The linked target is marked as a draft. Use it to understand the proposed layout and prepare records, but wait for the applicable final filing version. Check the IRS source again before using any year-specific amount, worksheet or filing instruction.
What should I do if the underlying information is wrong?
Do not apply an exception intended for a different account or transaction. Keep the original record and the correction trail. The issuer correction process, an amended return and an updated certificate can be different procedures. Choose the process that matches the document and the actual error.
Which records should I keep with the completed form?
Retain the source documents, applicable worksheets, submitted version and filing or furnishing confirmations. For this form, the working file should include distribution statements, contribution records, account and plan details. Keep continuing balances and prior-year support for as long as they remain relevant under the applicable recordkeeping rules.
Related forms and next steps
Use these guides when the connected issue applies to your records. Each page has its own purpose, reporting year and availability status.